(See also Monadology). persons; personae, prosopa): the Father (the Source, the Eternal Majesty); the Son (the eternal Logos ("Word"), manifest in human form as Jesus and thereafter as Christ); and the Holy Spirit (the Paraclete or advocate). Includes index. Binitarianism is the view within Christianity that there were originally two beings in the Godhead – the Father and the Word – that became the Son (Jesus the Christ). You might also like God 101. God is usually conceived of as being omnipotent (all-powerful), omniscient (all-knowing), omnipresent (all-present) and omnibenevolent (all-good) as well as having an eternal and necessary existence.God is most often held to be incorporeal (immaterial). With God all things are possible. As humans cannot truly comprehend what kind of wisdom an eternal transcendent being might have, or what infinity might be like, we cannot in fact know or characterize his true nature. Baháʼís believe that God expresses this will at all times and in many ways, including Manifestations, a series of divine "messengers" or "educators". It has been likened to a person who is playing dominos and pushes one of them over, so that every other domino in the set is pushed over as well, without the being having to do anything about it. In fact, he maintained that God cannot be demonstrated at all, yet neither can his existence be disproved. More importantly, God reveals to us in His Word that not only does life begin at conception, but He knows who we are even before then (Jeremiah 1:5). It states "ishavasyam idam sarvam" which means whatever there is in this world is covered and filled with Ishvara. [61] As per Advaita Vedanta school of Hindu philosophy the notion of Brahman (the highest Universal Principle) is akin to that of god; except that unlike most other philosophies Advaita likens Brahman to Atman (the true Self of an individual). However, the Mormon concept of God has expanded since the faith's founding in the late 1820s. 0 Ratings ; 1 Want to read; 0 Currently reading The Father and Son have perfected, material bodies, while the Holy Spirit is a spirit and does not have a body. Sikhism advocates the belief in one god who is omnipresent (sarav vi'āpak), whose qualities are infinite and who is without gender, a nature represented (especially in the Guru Granth Sahib) by the term Ek Onkar. King David said this about God’s role in our conception: "For you created my inmost being; you knit me together in my mother’s womb . [26][30] There are no intermediaries, such as clergy, to contact God: “He is nearer to his creation than the jugular vein”[31], Allāh (Arabic: الله Allāh), without plural or gender is the divine name of the lord mentioned in the Quran, while "ʾilāh" (Arabic: إله ellāh) is the term used for a deity or a god in general.[32][33][34]. 4:00 Ideas become words held together by other words. Aseity. The word is cognate to Latin deus for "god". [citation needed]. Robert Barron explains by analogy that it seems impossible for a two-dimensional object to conceive of three-dimensional humans.[3]. A level philosophy looks at 3 problems with this concept of God. In Frank Herbert's science-fiction series Dune, a messianic figure is created after thousands of years of controlled breeding. According these Rosicrucian teachings, in the beginning of a Day of Manifestation a certain collective Great Being, God, limits himself to a certain portion of space, in which he elects to create a solar system for the evolution of added self-consciousness. The Culture series, by Iain M. Banks, represents a blend in which a transhuman society is guarded by godlike machine intelligences. Arians rejected the term "homoousios" (consubstantial) as a term describing the Father and Son, viewing such term as compromising the uniqueness and primacy of God,[19] and accused it of dividing the indivisible unit of the divine essence. God) in a monotheistic or the Supreme Being or as an Ishta-deva of monistic thought. In Buddhism, the idea of the metaphysical absolute is deconstructed in the same way as of the idea of an enduring "self", but it is not necessarily denied. God Concept The concept of God, or any god, is one that has definite boundaries. In the theology of God in Mormonism, the most prominent conception of God is the Godhead, a divine council of three distinct beings: Elohim (the Father), Jehovah (the Son, or Jesus), and the Holy Spirit. Furthermore, if that definition is unfalsifiable, the ignostic takes the theological noncognitivist position that the question of the existence of God (per that definition) is meaningless. "[36] Though inaccessible directly, God is nevertheless seen as conscious of creation, possessing a mind, will and purpose. The Jain theory of causation holds that a cause and its effect are always identical in nature and hence a conscious and immaterial entity like God cannot create a material entity like the universe. Sources of western concepts of the divine have been threefold: experience, revelation, and reason. In addition, according to concepts of God, God is not part of the natural order, but the ultimate creator of nature and of the scientific laws. Unlike most unitarians and trinitarians who tend to identify themselves by those terms, binitarians normally do not refer to their belief in the duality of the Godhead, with the Son subordinate to the Father; they simply teach the Godhead in a manner that has been termed as binitarianism. Christianity’s approach is that man was created by an external God in which the goal of the Christian’s life is to be one with God. This oneness with God is considered “The Immaculate Conception…was the long looked-for event in the history of the world, and from this we may really trace all the good things we have received through the sufferings and death of Christ.” They argue that before a debate about the existence of God can begin, one needs to understand what properties such a God would have to possess. [5] These ideas are closely related to the cosmo-theological views of the Stoics.[6]. Man is a worshipful being. 1 John 4:8, 16. Part 1: The Existence of God 1. These great beings are also threefold in manifestation, like the Supreme Being; their three aspects are Will, Wisdom and Activity. Ishvara is a philosophical concept in Hinduism, meaning controller or the Supreme controller (i.e. f. Modern Period. There are likewise fruitful connections to explore between reason and the rising appetite in late antiquity for ethics and morality in religion. Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace. New York. Much of this recent scholarship has been the result of the translations of the Nag Hammadi and other ancient manuscripts that were not available when older scholarly texts (such as Wilhelm Bousset's Kyrios Christos, 1913) were written. For the logical positivists and adherents of similar schools of thought, statements about religious or other transcendent experiences can not have a truth value, and are deemed to be without meaning, because the version of metaphysical naturalism upon which logical positivism is based automatically excludes the possibility of the supernatural a priori without proof. For example, Baruch Spinoza and his followers use the term God in a particular philosophical sense to mean the essential substance/principles of nature. [69] Satan is used as a representation of personal liberty and individualism. The Concept of God This edition was published in 1987 by Oxford University Press in Oxford [Oxfordshire], . The non-overlapping magisteria view proposed by Stephen Jay Gould also holds that the existence (or otherwise) of God is irrelevant to and beyond the domain of science. Christianity’s approach is that man was created by an external God in which the goal of the Christian’s life is to be one with God. Preview. The Euthyphro dialogue challenges one to attempt to define the exact nature of God. Furthermore, according to the Jain concept of divinity, any soul who destroys its karmas and desires, achieves liberation/Nirvana. God is conceived of as eternal, omnipotent, omniscient and as the creator of the universe. The concept of God exists in order to eliminate the ambiguity of one's existence.Many people will say this is a ridiculous statement because they will claim there are multitudinous reasons for the concept of God. In modern culture, the question of God’s existence has been discussed by scientists such as Stephen Hawking, Francis Collins, Lawrence M. Krauss, Richard Dawkins, and John Lennox, as well as philosophers including Richard Swinburne, Alvin Plantinga, William Lane Craig, Rebecca Goldstein, A. C. Grayling, Daniel Dennett, Edward Feser, David Bentley Hart and Sam Harris. As the Christian biologist Scott C. Todd put it “Even if all the data pointed to an intelligent designer, such a hypothesis is excluded from science because it is not naturalistic.”[7] This argument limits the domain of science to the empirically observable and limits the domain of God to the unprovable. The word koti in Sanskrit translates to 'type' and not '10 million'. Apara-Brahman is the same Para Brahma but for human understanding thought of as universal mind cum universal intellect from which all human beings derive an iota as their mind, intellect etc. Thus, Muslims are not iconodules and are not expected to visualize God. While Theravada Buddhists view the Buddha as a human being who attained nirvana or arahanthood through human efforts,[53] Mahayana Buddhists consider him an embodiment of the cosmic dharmakaya (a notion of transcendent divinity), who was born for the benefit of others and not merely a human being. [28][29] He is viewed as a personal God who responds whenever a person in need or distress calls Him. Binitarians, like most unitarians and trinitarians, claim their views were held by the original New Testament Church. In the Abrahamic traditions there are … The spiritual teacher Meher Baba described God as infinite love: "God is not understood in His essence until He is also understood as Infinite Love. Though there is a primordial Buddha (or, in Vajrayana, the Adi-Buddha, a representation of immanent enlightenment in nature), its representation as a creator is a symbol of the presence of a universal cyclical creation and dissolution of the cosmos and not of an actual personal being. God is considered omnipresent in all creation and visible everywhere to the spiritually awakened. "[23][24] Muslims deny the Christian doctrine of the Trinity and divinity of Jesus, comparing it to polytheism. The Mormon concept of God can best be grasped by understanding the overall Mormon worldview and how the deity fits into it. A stronger example is posited in the novel Singularity Sky by Charles Stross, in which a future artificial intelligence is capable of changing events even in its own past, and takes strong measures to prevent any other entity from taking advantage of similar capabilities. The Concept of God in Buddhism. It came to the West in the eighth century. In Hinduism, the concept of god is complex and depends on the particular tradition. God is described and referred in the Quran by certain names or attributes, the most common being Al-Rahman, meaning "Most Compassionate" and Al-Rahim, meaning "Most Merciful" (see Names of God in Islam). Ishvara as a personal form of God is worshiped and not the 33 devas. DEFINITION OF GOD CONCEPT When the primitive man had not developed the skill of spoken or written words, God was recognized by the unvocal, the undefined and the unscripted silence, even creation of universe emanated from the womb of silence, as there was no speech or writing, to hear th e unheard, or describe the unseen. Abstract. Although the theology of the Trinity is accepted in most Christian churches, there are theological differences, notably between Catholic and Orthodox thought on the procession of the Holy Spirit (see filioque). In addition, Ken, John, and Richard discuss how a finite mind can try to understand an infinite concept like God. ORIGIN OF GOD CONCEPT During the primitive age of the hunter and the hunted, man’s survival was of prime importance, to save him from ferocious beasts and natural calamities, as sufficient safety nets were not available to protect him, fear was running at its highest peak. [citation needed] He is the fountainhead of all concepts but He Himself cannot be conceived. [14] Thus, Unitarianism is typically divided into two principal groups: Even though the term "unitarian" did not first appear until the 17th century in reference to the Polish Brethren,[18][16] the basic tenets of Unitarianism go back to the time of Arius in the 4th century, an Alexandrian priest that taught the doctrine that only the Father was God, and that the Son had been created by the Father. Pagan idolatry is an example of that "ignorant" worship. "[9], Modern Jewish thinkers have constructed a wide variety of other ideas about God. Based on the AQA A level philosophy specification. . [46][47] Some teachers instruct students beginning Buddhist meditation that the notion of divinity is not incompatible with Buddhism,[48] but dogmatic beliefs in a supreme personal creator are considered a hindrance to the attainment of nirvana,[49] the highest goal of Buddhist practice. Notable groups include the Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormons, Christadelphians, Unitarians, Arians, and Adoptionists. From this Berkeley argued that the universe is based upon observation and is non-objective. The word "binitarian" is typically used by scholars and theologians as a contrast to a trinitarian theology: a theology of "two" in God rather than a theology of "three", and although some critics[who?] Luke 1:24 ESV / 11 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful After these days his wife Elizabeth conceived, and for five months she kept herself hidden, saying, Table of Contents. The conception of God as a necessary being in a broadly logical sense thus seems a coherent notion which properly belongs to Christian theism. Page 7 - A really fruitful philosophical study of the conception of God is inseparable from an attempt to estimate what evidence there is for the existence of God. Kabbalistic thinkers have held the belief that all of existence is itself a part of God, and that we as humanity are unaware of our own inherent godliness and are grappling to come to terms with it. Some comparatively new belief systems and books portray God as extraterrestrial life. The hidden God remains hidden. In the 11th century it received its present name, the Immaculate Conception. Divine Love is unlimited in essence and expression, because it is experienced by the soul through the soul itself. The immaculate conception is the belief that Mary was conceived without sin. "The Concept of God is an excellent treatment of an increasingly critical issue in philosophical theology. Omniscience 3. Mankind's evolutionary scheme is slowly carried through five of these Worlds in seven great Periods of manifestation, during which the evolving virgin spirit becomes first human and, then, a God. The concept spans conceptions from absolute monism to henotheism, monotheism and polytheism. God in Sikhism is depicted in three distinct aspects: God as deity; God in relation to creation; and God in relation to man. God is love. Nanak stresses that God must be seen by human beings from "the inward eye" or "heart" and that meditation must take place inwardly to achieve this enlightenment progressively; its rigorous application is what enables communication between God and human beings. The general conception of God may be said to be that of an infinite being (often a personality but not necessarily anthropomorphic) who is supremely good, who created the world, who knows all and can do all, who is transcendent over and immanent in the world, and who loves humanity. Created: Sep 18, 2018. Could it be that when he closes the gap between himself and his "God" he sees the demon of pride creeping forth—that very embodiment of Lucifer appearing in his midst?". Deva may be roughly translated into English as deity, demigod or angel, and can describe any celestial being or thing that is of high excellence and thus is venerable. The conception of Aditi, the Mother of gods, as the all-pervasive Infinite is significant. [citation needed] Binitarians normally believe that God is a family, currently consisting of the Father and the Son[citation needed]. Matthew 19:26. In the ancient Greek philosophical Hermetica, the ultimate reality is called by many names, such as God, Lord, Father, Mind (Nous), the Creator, the All, the One, etc. (1) God, as person, is the “I am who I am” designated in Exodus 3:14. Each Unmoved Mover continuously contemplates its own contemplation, and everything that fits the second meaning of "being" by having its source of motion in itself, i.e., moves because the knowledge of its Mover causes it to emulate this Mover (or should). The Pope justified the Assumption not on Biblical authority but largely on: the "universal consensus of the Church" In Buddhism, the sole aim of the spiritual practice is the complete alleviation of distress (dukkha) in samsara,[42][43] called nirvana. H. O’Laverty, author of The Mother of God and Her Glorious Feasts. The view that a coherent definition of God must be presented before the question of the existence of God can be meaningfully discussed. Many of these theories hold that intelligent beings from another world have been visiting Earth for many thousands of years and have influenced the development of our religions. Psalm 147:5. Proponents of Abrahamic faiths believe that God is also transcendent, meaning that he is outside space and outside time and therefore not subject to anything within his creation, but at the same time a personal God, involved, listening to prayer and reacting to the actions of his creatures. The Concept of Worship to God. The misconception of 330 million devas is commonly objected to by Hindu scholars. God manifests in many different beings. Bhagavan literally means "possessing fortune, blessed, prosperous" (from the noun bhaga, meaning "fortune, wealth", cognate to Slavic bog "god"), and hence "illustrious, divine, venerable, holy", etc. The universe is characterized by process and change carried out by the agents of free will. The concept spans conceptions from absolute monism to henotheism, monotheism and polytheism. In majority of Vaishnavism traditions, He is Vishnu, god, and the text identifies this being as Krishna, sometimes referred as svayam bhagavan. The term “ignosticism” was coined in the 1960s by Sherwin Wine, a rabbi and a founding figure of Humanistic Judaism. So the concept of God must be rooted not in reason but in emotion and the will. Philosophers who have provided arguments against the existence of God include David Hume, Kant, Nietzsche, and Bertrand Russell. [13], Existence in absolute truth is central to Vedanta epistemology. [15] In Vaisnavism Vishnu, or his intimate ontological form of Krishna, is equated to personal absolute God of the Western traditions. In his book, The Satanic Bible, the Satanist's view of god is described as the Satanist's true "self"—a projection of his or her own personality—not an external deity.
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